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Drig Drishya Viveka – 15th Century CE Work On Advaita

Drig Drishya Viveka literally means discrimination between Drik (seer) and the Drishya (seen object). It is attributed to Vidyaranya (1400 CE) but another school of thought attributes it to Adi Shankaracharya.

Two commentaries on the work, one by Brahmananda Saraswati and another by Anandagiri are available. The 46 verses of the book have been translated into several languages.

The substance of the work is that the self is the witness-percipient of all experiences, sensory and mental alike, and everything else is the object for it. It is the unchanging pure consciousness. Mind gets the semblance of being conscious by the borrowed light from the self.

The work gives an account of maya with its two fold powers – concealing the truth and projecting the false. Because of these two powers, the world appears in creation with all the distinctions of the percipient and perceived.

Brahman, which is existence, consciousness and bliss, is the basis of the world-appearance, which is but a mere name and a form.

The book also deals with different kinds of Samadhi (absorption) of the Self in reality.

Three kinds of jiva (individual soul) are distinguished

  • That which is limited by vital airs, mind, etc.
  • That which is reflected in the mind.
  • That which is imagined in a dream.

Of these the first one is the soul to be identified with reality after the limitation is removed. The other two are illusory projections and are not identifiable with Brahman (Reality).

Source - notes taken from Encyclopedia of Hinduism Volume III page 526 - Rupa - IHRF