The Manasara, the most authoritative text on Hindu architecture, iconography, and town-planning, introduces a set of six formulae known as the 'Ayadi-shadvarga.' These formulae are pivotal in determining the dimensions of any structure, including its length, breadth, circumference, height, or thickness. The right dimensions for a structure are selected through the application of these six formulae: aya, vyaya, riksha, yoni, vara, tithi, and amsha.
Explanation of the Formulae
- Aya: Represents the gain or profit and is considered auspicious if it is greater than Vyaya.
- Vyaya: Represents the loss or expenditure. The chosen dimension should ensure that Vyaya is less than Aya.
- Riksha: Corresponds to the twenty-seven nakshatras (lunar mansions). Each dimension is associated with a nakshatra, and auspicious nakshatras are preferred.
- Yoni: Indicates the eight directions (North, Northeast, East, Southeast, South, Southwest, West, and Northwest), symbolizing the natural tendencies and orientations. Dimensions aligned with favorable yonis are preferred.
- Vara: Refers to the seven days of the week. Each day is associated with different deities and qualities, influencing the auspiciousness of the dimension.
- Tithi: Represents the fifteen lunar days (from new moon to full moon). Certain tithis are considered more auspicious for specific types of construction.
Application of the Formulae
When determining the dimensions of a new building or structure, these formulae are used to calculate the suitability of each potential measurement. The process involves:
- Choosing a Dimension: From the various alternatives suggested by the text.
- Applying the Formulae: For instance, if assessing the height of a building (C), the vara formula (C x 9/7) is applied.
- Interpreting the Remainder: The remainder left after the application of the formula is used to check suitability. For example, if the remainder is 4, it corresponds to the fourth day of the week (Wednesday), which is considered auspicious.
- Final Selection: The dimension with the most auspicious remainders across the six formulae is chosen as the right measurement.
Example
To determine the height of a proposed building:
- Step 1: List possible heights.
- Step 2: Apply the vara formula (C x 9/7) to each height.
- Step 3: Calculate the remainder for each height.
- Step 4: If the remainder is 4, it aligns with Wednesday, an auspicious day.
- Step 5: Choose the height where the majority of the formulae yield auspicious remainders.
Importance of Ayadi Shadvarga
The application of Ayadi Shadvarga ensures that the chosen dimensions of a structure are harmoniously aligned with cosmic and natural principles, promoting well-being, prosperity, and positive energy. The detailed guidelines provided by the Manasara help architects and builders in creating structures that are not only aesthetically pleasing but also spiritually and energetically beneficial.