In Hindu philosophy, "moha" represents a state of mind characterized by delusion and confusion, ultimately leading to either ignorance or false knowledge. This state is often attributed to the excessive influence of "tamas," one of the three gunas or qualities in Hindu philosophy, which represents inertia, darkness, and ignorance.
When an individual is under the sway of moha, they become
excessively attached to sense objects and lose their sense of discrimination.
This attachment and lack of discrimination contribute to the perpetuation of
samsara, the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth, which is considered
undesirable from a spiritual standpoint.
The antidote to moha is said to be "viveka," which
translates to discrimination or discernment. Viveka arises from the wisdom
imparted by scriptures and spiritual guides. Through viveka, individuals can
develop the ability to discern between what is real and what is illusory,
thereby freeing themselves from the grip of moha and progressing on the
spiritual path.
Moha is often listed among the "arishadvargas,"
which are the six enemies of spiritual evolution. The other five enemies are
kama (lust), krodha (anger), lobha (greed), mada (arrogance), and matsarya
(jealousy). These enemies are considered impediments to spiritual growth and
are to be overcome through self-discipline, spiritual practice, and the
cultivation of virtues such as detachment, compassion, and humility.