In the initial Brahmana or chapter of the Brihad Jabala Upanishad, Sage Bhusunda implores Kalagni Rudra for insights into vibhuti, or sacred ash. The deity directs him to the writings of Sage Pippalada on the subject. Bhusunda persistently seeks knowledge from the Brihajjabala (the Great Jabala) scripture. Kalagni Rudra proceeds to elucidate the five types of sacred ash: Vibhuti, Bhasita, Bhasma, Kshara, and Raksha. Each variety is linked to a specific form of Shiva, a classical element (mahabhuta), a Power (Kala), a cow, and its dung.
The form of Shiva is detailed as generating an element from
his countenance. This elemental creation gives rise to a Power, which, in turn,
manifests a cow of distinct color, from whose dung the sacred ash is derived.
Vibhuti is connected to the Sadyojata form of Shiva, with
the element being earth. The associated Power, Nivritti, signifies withdrawal
from worldly pleasures. Golden-hued Nanda cow dung is utilized to formulate
vibhuti, bestowing the wearer with prosperity.
Bhasita aligns with the Vamadeva form of Shiva, and the
element is water. Its corresponding Power, Pratishtha, symbolizes
establishment. The black-colored Bhadra cow's dung is employed in preparing
bhasita, offering benefits that contribute to prosperity.
Bhasma is related to the Aghora form of Shiva, and the
element is fire. Its associated Power, vidya (knowledge), is represented. The
red-colored Surabhi cow's dung is the source of bhasma, known for its virtue in
dispelling sins.
Kshara is linked to the Tapurusha form of Shiva, and the
element is air. The Power of shanti (peace) is associated with kshara. The
white-colored Sushila cow's dung is employed to create kshara, providing
protection against dangers.
Raksha corresponds to the Ishana form of Shiva, and the
element is ether. Its associated Power, Santyatita, denotes transcendence. The
multicolored Sumana cow's dung is utilized in crafting raksha, offering wearers
protection from fears.