In Hinduism, the Mother Goddess is revered by many names, each reflecting her myriad aspects and roles within the cosmic order. One such name is Jagatikanda, which translates to "the root of the universe." This name encapsulates the essence of the Mother Goddess as the fundamental source and sustainer of all creation. Let's delve into the deeper significance and details surrounding this epithet.
The Meaning of Jagatikanda
Jagatikanda is derived from two Sanskrit words:
- Jagat: Meaning "world" or "universe."
- Kanda: Meaning "root" or "origin."
Thus, Jagatikanda implies that the Mother Goddess is the foundational root from which the entire universe springs forth. She is the primal energy that permeates and sustains all existence.
The Role of the Mother Goddess as Jagatikanda
In Hindu cosmology, the universe is seen as a dynamic, interconnected web of life and energy, where the Mother Goddess plays a central role. Here are some key aspects:
Creation: The Mother Goddess, in her various forms such as Parvati, Durga, and Kali, is often depicted as the Shakti (divine feminine power) behind creation. She is the energy that propels the creation of the cosmos and all beings within it.
Nurturance: As Jagatikanda, she is the nurturing force that sustains life. Just as roots provide nourishment to a plant, the Mother Goddess provides spiritual and physical sustenance to the universe and its inhabitants.
Destruction and Renewal: The Mother Goddess also embodies the power of destruction, necessary for the renewal of life. This aspect is vividly portrayed in the form of Kali, who destroys evil to make way for new creation, highlighting the cyclical nature of the universe.
Protection: Devotees often turn to the Mother Goddess for protection. As Jagatikanda, she is seen as the protector of the world, warding off evil forces and ensuring the well-being of her children.
Symbolic Representations
The concept of the Mother Goddess as Jagatikanda is often symbolically represented in Hindu art and literature. Some common symbols and representations include:
The Lotus: The lotus flower, rooted in the mud but blooming beautifully above water, symbolizes purity and divine birth. It reflects the idea of the Mother Goddess as the root and sustainer of life.
The Tree: Trees are another powerful symbol, with their roots deeply embedded in the earth, representing stability, nourishment, and growth, much like the Goddess who supports and nurtures the universe.
Mythological References
Numerous Hindu texts and stories reference the Mother Goddess as the root of the universe:
Devi Bhagavata Purana: This text is a major scripture in the Shakta tradition, which venerates the Goddess as the Supreme Being. It narrates various stories and hymns extolling her as the origin and sustainer of all life.
Durga Saptashati (or Devi Mahatmyam): Part of the Markandeya Purana, this text celebrates the victories of the Goddess over demonic forces. It emphasizes her role as the cosmic mother who protects and nurtures the universe.
Philosophical Context
The philosophy of Shaktism, which focuses on the worship of the divine feminine, views the Mother Goddess as the ultimate reality and the source of all energy (Shakti). This aligns with her title of Jagatikanda, emphasizing her role as the root and life force of the cosmos.
Devotional Practices
Devotees honor the Mother Goddess through various rituals, prayers, and festivals, acknowledging her as Jagatikanda. Practices include:
Navaratri: A nine-night festival celebrating the Goddess in her various forms, recognizing her as the source of all power and the protector of the universe.
Chanting and Hymns: Devotional hymns like the Lalita Sahasranama and the Devi Stotra list the thousand names and attributes of the Goddess, including her role as the root of the universe.
In summary, the name Jagatikanda reflects the profound and all-encompassing role of the Mother Goddess in Hinduism. She is venerated as the root and sustainer of the universe, embodying the divine feminine power that creates, nurtures, protects, and renews all life.