The Shakti Peethas are among the most revered pilgrimage destinations in the Hindu tradition, dedicated to the worship of the Divine Mother, Shakti. These sanctuaries are believed to mark the locations where parts of the body of Sati, the first consort of Lord Shiva, are said to have fallen to earth after the cosmic tragedy described in various Puranas.
The Devi Bhagavata Purana, describing the greatness of the Mother Goddess, states:
“Wherever my body falls, those places shall become centers of divine energy.” (Devi Bhagavata Purana, 7.30)
Although most Shakti Peethas are located in India, several exist beyond its geographical boundaries, reflecting the far-reaching spiritual influence of Sanatana Dharma. Among the traditionally accepted 51 Peethas, nine lie outside India, across Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Tibet.
Bangladesh Shakti Peethas
Bhabanipur Shakti Peeth, Karatoya
Bhabanipur is one of the ancient centers where devotees believe Sati’s left eye or rib fell. This Peeth holds immense religious importance for its association with Karatoya, a river frequently mentioned in ancient Hindu texts. Devotees visit Bhawanipur seeking clarity of vision in life and spiritual awakening, believing that the Mother blesses sincere seekers with insight and protection.
Jashoreshwari Shakti Peeth, Jessore
This Peeth is revered as the place where Sati’s palm or hand is believed to have fallen. The site has historically been a center of Tantric worship. The presence of a sacred pond nearby enhances its sanctity. Jashoreshwari Devi is worshipped as a compassionate mother who removes obstacles and grants inner strength.
Sugandha Shakti Peeth, Shikarpur
Sugandha is said to be where Sati’s nose fell, symbolizing the divine fragrance of purity. Worship at this Peeth is believed to purify the mind and remove negative tendencies. The name “Sugandha” itself signifies spiritual fragrance and the spreading of divine grace.
Nepal Shakti Peethas
Gandaki Devi Shakti Peeth, Muktinath
Located near the sacred Gandaki River, this Peeth is associated with Sati’s cheek. Muktinath is already a major pilgrimage site for both Vaishnavas and Buddhists. The presence of a Shakti Peeth here highlights the unity of diverse spiritual paths. Devotees believe that the Mother grants liberation, as the term “Mukti” implies.
Guhyeshwari Shakti Peeth, Kathmandu
Guhyeshwari, close to the famous Pashupatinath temple, is believed to mark the place where Sati’s hips fell. The very name “Guhya” signifies the hidden and mystical nature of the Goddess. This Peeth is especially revered by Tantric practitioners. It symbolizes deep inner knowledge and spiritual power.
Pakistan Shakti Peethas
Hinglaj or Kottari Devi Shakti Peeth
Hinglaj, located in a remote region of Balochistan, is one of the most ancient and powerful Peethas. It is believed to be the place where Sati’s head or forehead fell. The Markandeya Purana, praising the Mother, says:
“She is the support of the worlds, the refuge of all beings.” (Markandeya Purana, 81.10)
Thousands continue to visit this site despite its challenging terrain, highlighting its enduring importance in Hindu history.
Shivaharkaray Shakti Peeth, Karachi
Shivaharkaray is associated with Sati’s three eyes or eyelids. The Peeth signifies the omniscient vision of the Mother. Worship here is believed to bless devotees with insight, guidance, and protection from negative energies.
Sri Lanka Shakti Peeth
Indrakshi Shakti Peeth, Manipallavam
This sacred location is linked to the fall of Sati’s ankle or feet. According to tradition, Manipallavam is also the place where Lord Rama worshipped Shiva during his journey to Lanka. This Peeth symbolizes movement, progress, and dharmic action. Devotees believe the Mother removes obstacles and guides righteous endeavors.
Tibet Shakti Peeth
Dakshayani Devi Shakti Peeth, Manas
Situated near the sacred Lake Manasarovar, this Peeth marks where Sati’s right hand is believed to have fallen. The region, described in Hindu scriptures as a seat of deep meditation, makes this Peeth significant for ascetics and spiritual seekers. The serene environment symbolizes purity, detachment, and the quest for higher truth.
Spiritual Importance of Shakti Peethas Outside India
Shakti Peethas scattered across different nations signify the universal spread of Shakti worship. They demonstrate that the spiritual power of the Divine Mother transcends geographical boundaries. These Peethas continue to draw devotees from various parts of the world, keeping alive ancient traditions of worship, pilgrimage, and reverence.
The Shakti Peeths collectively remind devotees of the Divine Mother’s eternal presence. As stated in the Devi Mahatma,
“The Goddess is present in all beings as consciousness.” (Devi Mahatma, 5.16)
Through these sacred sites, seekers connect with that divine consciousness, attain peace, and receive blessings for worldly and spiritual progress.