At least 27 women authors and seers, called brahmavadinis (scholars of high excellence), may be identified in Rig Veda. Of these, some (like Aditi, Juhu, Indrani, Sarama, Urvashi, Ratri and Surya) are referred to as divine or semi-divine beings. Some (like Sri, Medha, Dakshina and Shraddha) appear as personifications of abstract ideas. There are about 9 to ten brahmavadini who are women, who composes verses assigned to them. Among them are Visvavara, Apala, Ghosha, Godha (wife of Vasukra), Lopamudra, Saswati and Romasa. The name of Vak is also included in the list. The hymns praise the various deities worshipped by the Aryans and speak of their own joys and sorrows of life. The hymns thus convey devotion and can be taken to be prayers. Sarvaukramanika assigns the following hymns of Rig Veda I.179, V.28, VII 91, IX 81, 11-20 and X.39 and 40 to Lopamudra, Visvavara, Sikata Nivavari and Ghosha, respectively. Indrani and Sachi contributed X.145 and 159 respectively. A remarkable hymn f