In Hindu tradition, Balarama, also known as Baladeva, is the elder brother of Bhagavan Sri Krishna and is considered an incarnation of the divine serpent Shesha. Balarama is often depicted holding a plough (hala or hala-sastra) as one of his primary attributes. The symbolism behind Balarama holding a plough is rich and multifaceted:
Agricultural Symbolism: The plough is primarily associated
with agriculture and farming. Balarama's holding of the plough signifies his
role as the one who tills the land, preparing it for sowing seeds and ensuring
fertility. This symbolizes his connection to the earth and his role in
maintaining the balance of nature.
Strength and Power: The plough is a tool of considerable
physical strength and power, requiring effort and perseverance to wield
effectively. Balarama's wielding of the plough symbolizes his immense strength
and prowess, both physically and spiritually.
Dharma and Duty: Balarama is often regarded as the
embodiment of dharma (righteousness) and duty. His holding of the plough
represents his commitment to his duties and responsibilities, just as a farmer
diligently works the land to fulfill his responsibilities towards his family
and society.
Transformation and Creation: The act of ploughing the land
represents the transformative process of creation. Balarama's wielding of the
plough symbolizes his role in the cosmic creation and preservation, as well as
his ability to transform the world through his actions.
Cultivation of Virtues: Just as a plough cultivates the
land, Balarama's holding of the plough symbolizes his role in cultivating
virtues such as humility, patience, and perseverance in his devotees.
Association with Krishna: Balarama's association with the
plough also serves to complement the iconic imagery of Bhagavan Sri Krishna,
who is often depicted with a flute. While Krishna symbolizes divine love and
transcendence, Balarama represents the grounding force of physical existence
and material reality.
Overall, Balarama's holding of the plough embodies themes of
strength, duty, creation, and the cultivation of virtues, serving as a powerful
symbol within Hindu tradition.