Dwapara Yuga, the third epoch in Hindu cosmology, holds significant characteristics and profound greatness intertwined with its unique attributes. Here are some key aspects:
Decline of Righteousness: Dwapara Yuga marks a period where
righteousness, which was predominant in the preceding Satya Yuga and still
present in a diminished form in Treta Yuga, declines further. While some
remnants of virtue persist, they are overshadowed by increasing moral decay and
ethical compromise.
Virtue of Sacrifice: Despite the declining moral standards,
the virtue of sacrifice shines prominently in Dwapara Yuga. Sacrifice, both in
the spiritual and material realms, is considered a noble act and is valued
among the populace.
Sacred Texts and Wisdom: The Puranas, ancient texts
containing myths, legends, and spiritual teachings, become the primary
scriptures of this age. These texts serve as repositories of wisdom, guiding
individuals through the complexities of life and morality.
Ethical Ambiguity: Unlike the previous yugas where
righteousness was more straightforward, Dwapara Yuga witnesses a rise in moral
ambiguity. People often act out of self-interest rather than adhering to
universal principles of truth and duty.
Misery and Disasters: Dwapara Yuga is marked by increased
occurrences of suffering, disease, and natural disasters. These hardships serve
as catalysts for spiritual growth and self-realization among individuals.
Emergence of the Caste System: The hierarchical caste
system, dividing society into distinct social classes based on occupation and
birth, begins to solidify during Dwapara Yuga. While initially intended to
maintain social order, the caste system becomes a source of oppression and discrimination
over time.
Shortened Lifespan: Human lifespans are significantly
reduced compared to the earlier yugas. In Dwapara Yuga, the average lifespan is
around 2000 years, reflecting the overall decline in vitality and longevity.
Marital Norms: Marriage customs undergo changes during
Dwapara Yuga. Monogamy becomes the prevalent norm, with individuals restricted
to one spouse. Additionally, marriage ceremonies typically occur after a
woman's first menstruation.
Divine Incarnation and Epic Battles: Dwapara Yuga is
distinguished by the advent of divine incarnations, most notably Bhagavan Sri
Krishna, who plays a pivotal role in the epic Mahabharata. The great war of
Mahabharata, symbolizing the cosmic struggle between righteousness and evil,
occurs during this age.
Duration and Symbolism: Dwapara Yuga spans 2400 divine
years, equivalent to 864,000 human years. It is symbolized by the color yellow,
signifying a period of transition and transformation.
Despite the challenges and moral complexities inherent in
Dwapara Yuga, it serves as a crucial phase in the cosmic cycle, offering
opportunities for spiritual evolution and the eventual transition to the next
yuga, Kali Yuga.