The process of creating Hindu idols for temples, particularly adhering to the principles of iconography, involves intricate measurements and proportions. Central to this process is the concept of "tala" or span, which is based on the measurement of the palm of the hand from the tip of the middle finger to the wrist. This measurement is then divided into 12 equal parts, each known as "angula."
When sculpting Hindu idols, these measurements are crucial,
and standards are prescribed based on the tala and angulas. This system is
known as the talamana paddhati.
A key aspect of this system is the concept of
"dashatala," which dictates that the total height of the idol, from
the bottom of the feet to the top of the head in a standing posture, should be
ten talas. The dasatala measurement is further classified into three varieties:
uttama (superior), madhyama (middling), and adhama (inferior), with proportions
of 124, 120, and 116 angulas respectively.
The dashatala scale is particularly favored for creating
images of major deities and their female counterparts. It is often prescribed
for idols worshipped to seek various benefits.
By following these precise measurements and proportions,
artisans ensure that the idols they create adhere to traditional iconographic
principles, reflecting the sacred essence and symbolism associated with each
deity. This meticulous process not only honors tradition but also serves to
maintain continuity and authenticity in Hindu religious practices.