Sage Atri is one of the revered sages in Hinduism, known for his wisdom, devotion, and significant contributions to the Vedic literature. Here are some notable stories and aspects of Sage Atri's life and his role in Hindu mythology:
1. Birth and Lineage
Atri is considered one of the Saptarishis (Seven Great Sages) and is also known as a Prajapati (progenitor). He is the mind-born son of Brahma, the creator god, and thus part of a highly exalted lineage.
2. Marriage to Anasuya
Atri is married to Anasuya, a woman known for her chastity and devotion. Together, they exemplify the ideals of a devoted and righteous life. Their story is often highlighted for Anasuya's power and piety.
3. Birth of Dattatreya
One of the most celebrated stories involving Sage Atri is the birth of their son, Dattatreya. According to legend, the Trinity of Hindu gods—Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva—were pleased with Anasuya's devotion and granted her a boon. She requested them to be born as her child, and thus Dattatreya, embodying the qualities of all three gods, was born to Atri and Anasuya. Dattatreya is worshiped as a combined form of Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva and is considered a deity in his own right.
4. Story of Atri and Anasuya’s Hospitality
Once, the sage Narada visited Atri and Anasuya. Delighted by their hospitality, he praised Anasuya's piety and chastity to the three goddesses—Saraswati, Lakshmi, and Parvati. The goddesses decided to test Anasuya's virtue. They sent their husbands (Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva) to Anasuya in the guise of ascetics, asking for food. However, they placed a condition that she serve them without wearing any clothes. Anasuya, with her immense chastity and devotion, transformed the three gods into babies and fed them as requested. The gods, pleased with her virtue, restored their original forms and blessed her with a child, who was Dattatreya.
5. Contribution to Vedic Literature
Sage Atri is credited with composing several hymns in the Rigveda. The Atri family or clan (Gotra) is one of the most prominent Vedic lineages, with many of his descendants continuing his scholarly and spiritual traditions.
6. Association with Other Sages and Gods
Atri is often mentioned in various Puranas and epic stories, interacting with other sages and gods. His wisdom and knowledge were highly respected, and he played a role in advising and guiding kings and deities alike.
7. Story from the Ramayana
In the Ramayana, during their exile, Rama, Sita, and Lakshmana visit the hermitage of Sage Atri and Anasuya. Anasuya gifts Sita with a divine garment and ornaments that would never soil or wear out, a testament to her piety and spiritual power.
8. Atri and the Soma Plant
In one legend, Sage Atri is associated with the Soma plant, which is of great importance in Vedic rituals. He is said to have discovered the Soma plant and taught its significance and usage in rituals to other sages and priests.
Sage Atri's life and stories reflect the virtues of devotion, righteousness, and the pursuit of knowledge. His legacy continues to inspire and guide followers of Hinduism through the values he and his wife Anasuya embodied.