In Hinduism, the concept of time is indeed often viewed as cyclical rather than linear. This perspective is deeply rooted in Hindu cosmology and philosophical beliefs.
Concept of Yugas: Hinduism describes time in terms of cycles
called "yugas" or ages. According to Hindu scriptures like the
Puranas, each yuga has its own characteristics and durations. The four yugas
are Satya Yuga (Golden Age), Treta Yuga, Dvapara Yuga, and Kali Yuga. These
yugas follow each other in a cyclical pattern, with the universe undergoing
periods of creation, maintenance, and dissolution in a recurring manner.
Eternal Recurrence: The idea of cyclical time is also
connected to the concept of "eternal recurrence," where the universe
is believed to go through infinite cycles of creation, existence, and
dissolution. This cyclic process is driven by the cosmic forces of creation
(Brahma), preservation (Vishnu), and destruction (Shiva), known as the
Trimurti.
Karma and Reincarnation: Another aspect of Hinduism that
contributes to the cyclical view of time is the belief in karma and
reincarnation. According to this belief, the soul (atman) undergoes a cycle of
birth, death, and rebirth (samsara) determined by one's actions (karma).
Individuals accumulate karma over successive lifetimes, influencing their
experiences in future incarnations. This cyclical process continues until the
soul achieves liberation (moksha) from the cycle of rebirth.
Cosmic Cycles: Hindu cosmology also describes larger cosmic
cycles known as kalpas, which encompass the lifespan of the universe. These
kalpas are immense time periods in which the universe undergoes creation,
sustenance, and dissolution. After each dissolution (pralaya), a new cycle of
creation begins, perpetuating the cyclical nature of time.
Overall, the cyclical view of time in Hinduism reflects the
interconnectedness of all existence and the recurring patterns observed in the
cosmos. It provides a framework for understanding the transient nature of
worldly phenomena and the eternal nature of the soul's journey towards
spiritual liberation.