The Rishis surrounding Dakshinamurthy Shiva symbolize the seekers of knowledge and wisdom, eagerly absorbing the teachings of the Guru. Different texts provide varying accounts of their numbers and names, adding layers of symbolism and significance to the depiction of this divine scene.
Karanagama: This text mentions four Rishis: Agasthya,
Pulastya, Vishwamitra, and Angiras. Each of these Rishis represents different
aspects of spiritual wisdom and enlightenment.
Kamikagama: Here, seven Rishis are mentioned: Kaushika
(another name for Vishwamitra), Kashyapa, Bharadwaja, Atri, Gautama, and two
others whose names may vary depending on the interpretation or specific version
of the text. Each of these Rishis brings their own unique perspective and
knowledge to the gathering.
Amsumad-bhedagama: This text also lists seven Rishis: Narada, Vashista, Jamadagni, Bhrighu, Bharadwaja, Sanaka, and Agasthya. These Rishis are renowned figures in Hindu mythology, known for their wisdom, austerity, and contributions to various scriptures and epics.
The number of sages depicted can vary, with some texts
mentioning one, two, three or even four. This variability reflects the flexibility
and richness of Hindu iconography and symbolism, allowing for different
interpretations and artistic expressions.
In their depiction, the Rishis are typically portrayed as
elderly figures with matted hair coiled up, dressed in white attire, and
adorned with rudraksha malas. These visual elements carry symbolic
significance, representing their ascetic lifestyle, purity, and devotion to
Lord Shiva as the supreme teacher.
Moreover, it's worth noting that the height of the Rishis is
prescribed not to exceed the chest of Sri Dakshinamurthy, underscoring the
hierarchy of knowledge and the reverence accorded to the Guru in Hindu
tradition. This portrayal emphasizes the idea that the Guru stands above all,
guiding and enlightening those who seek wisdom and understanding.