Shivaji Maharaj's escape from Agra in 1666 CE was a daring and meticulously planned maneuver that showcased his strategic acumen and resourcefulness.
Aurangzeb called upon Shivaji and his nine-year-old son,
Sambhaji, to appear in Agra. Aurangzeb's intention was to dispatch Shivaji to
Kandahar, now situated in Afghanistan, in order to strengthen the Mughal
empire's northwestern border. However, tensions arose when on May 12, 1666,
Shivaji found himself standing in court alongside lower-ranking nobles—men he
had previously bested in battle. Feeling slighted, Shivaji abruptly left the
court and was promptly placed under house arrest. Ram Singh, the son of Jai
Singh, pledged to ensure the safekeeping of Shivaji and his son during their
confinement.
Shivaji's predicament while under house arrest was
precarious, with Aurangzeb's court deliberating whether to execute him or
retain his services. Jai Singh, after guaranteeing Shivaji's safety, endeavored
to sway Aurangzeb's ruling.
Realizing the gravity of his predicament, Shivaji embarked
on a series of calculated moves to secure his freedom. Firstly, he
strategically reduced the number of his men present in Agra, ensuring that only
a select few remained with him. Then, he cleverly orchestrated the withdrawal
of the guarantees provided by Ram Singh, effectively relinquishing his official
protection under Mughal custody.
Shivaji's next move was a stroke of genius. Feigning
illness, he began a calculated campaign of generosity, distributing sweets to
the Brahmins and the poor as a symbolic act of penance. This not only garnered
sympathy but also served as a distraction, diverting attention away from his
true intentions.
Finally, on the fateful day of August 17, 1666, Shivaji
executed the pièce de résistance of his plan. Concealed within large baskets,
both he and his young son Sambhaji managed to evade detection and escape from
the confines of Agra. This audacious escape not only secured Shivaji's freedom
but also ensured the continuation of his legendary legacy as a fearless leader
and master strategist.
The escape from Agra stands as a testament to Shivaji
Maharaj's indomitable spirit and unwavering determination in the face of
adversity. It remains etched in history as one of the most remarkable feats of
ingenuity and courage in the annals of Indian history.