In Hinduism, the term "Dvija" translates to "twice-born" and refers to the initiation ceremony undergone by an individual in the upper three varnas (social classes) – Brahmins, Kshatriyas, and Vaishyas. The concept of Dwija or being twice-born is deeply rooted in the Vedic traditions and signifies a spiritual rebirth.
The Dvija ceremony, also known as Upanayana, is a
significant rite of passage for young males belonging to the above-mentioned
varnas. It is typically performed between the ages of 8 and 16, depending on
the specific community and regional traditions.
The first birth is considered to be the physical birth, and
the second birth occurs through the Upanayana ceremony. During this ritual, the
young initiate receives a sacred thread known as "yajnopavita,"
symbolizing his commitment to the study of the Vedas and adherence to a
disciplined life.
The three strands of the sacred thread are said to represent
the three debts a person owes: to the sages and teachers (Rishis), to the
ancestors (Pitris), and to the gods (Devas). The initiate is expected to wear
the sacred thread across his left shoulder and under the right arm, symbolizing
his acceptance of these responsibilities.
After undergoing the Upanayana ceremony, the individual is
expected to engage in the study of the Vedas and other sacred texts under the
guidance of a guru. This period of study and discipline is crucial for the
spiritual and intellectual development of the person.
It's important to note that the concept of Dvija is specific
to certain Hindu traditions, and its practices can vary among different
communities and regions within Hinduism. The ceremony is not performed for
individuals in the Shudra varna, and there are other regional variations in the
rituals associated with the Dvija ceremony.