According to the traditional biographies, after Adi Shankaracharya successfully debated and defeated Mandana Mishra, a prominent scholar of Mimamsa philosophy, Bharati, Mandana Mishra's wife, challenged Adi Shankaracharya for an intellectual debate. This indicates her own prowess in scholarship and her commitment to the pursuit of knowledge. The debate between Ubhayabharati and Adi Shankaracharya is portrayed as a test of intellectual prowess and spiritual wisdom.
In the course of the debate, Bharati was eventually humbled
by Adi Shankaracharya. Following this, like her husband, she decided to
renounce worldly life and become a recluse and a disciple of Adi
Shankaracharya. The narrative further states that she accompanied Shankara to
Sringeri, where she settled down. Sringeri is particularly renowned for the
Sharadamba Temple, dedicated to the goddess Sharadamba, who is considered an
incarnation of Saraswati. As per some scholars, the shrine is dedicated to
Bharati
The association of Ubhayabharati with Saraswati is
emphasized in the narrative, suggesting a divine connection. According to some
accounts, Ubhayabharati is described as an incarnation of Saraswati herself,
born on Earth due to a curse from the sage Durvasa.
The name "Ubhayabharati" is derived from the
Sanskrit term "ubhaya," meaning both. This name signifies her dual
role in the debates involving both Mandana Mishra and Adi Shankaracharya. It
highlights her unique position as a judge in these intellectual and spiritual
discussions.
Her original names—Sarasavani, Vani, and Amba—further
contribute to the richness of her character and underline her association with
knowledge, speech, and the divine feminine.
In summary, Ubhayabharati's story adds a fascinating dimension to the life of Adi Shankaracharya, showcasing not only his intellectual prowess but also the significant roles played by other scholars, particularly women like Ubhayabharati, in the philosophical and spiritual landscape of ancient India.