The first verse of the Isha Upanishad, also known as the Ishavasya Upanishad, is a significant and profound statement that encapsulates key philosophical principles of Hinduism. Here is the verse in transliteration and English translation:
Sanskrit (Devanagari script): ईशावास्यमिदँ
सर्वं यत्किञ्च जगत्यां जगत्। तेन त्यक्तेन भुञ्जीथा
मा गृधः कस्यस्विद्धनम्।।
Transliteration: īśāvāsyamidaṁ sarvaṁ yatkiñca jagatyāṁ
jagat tena tyaktena bhuñjīthā mā gṛdhaḥ kasyasviddhanam
English Translation (by Swami Prabhupada): "Everything
animate or inanimate that is within the universe is filled with Bhagavan (God).
One should therefore accept only those things necessary for himself, which are
set aside as his quota, and one should not accept other things, knowing well to
whom they belong."
The importance of this verse lies in its philosophical and
ethical teachings:
Cosmic Vision: The verse begins with the assertion that
everything in the universe is pervaded by the Divine (Ishavasya). This cosmic
vision underscores the interconnectedness of all things and emphasizes a
holistic perspective on existence. There is complete oneness of all animate and
inanimate.
Detachment and Renunciation: The verse encourages
individuals to practice detachment and renunciation. By acknowledging that
everything belongs to the Divine, one is advised to accept only what is
necessary for sustenance and not to greedily accumulate more than one's share.
This promotes a sense of contentment and simplicity in life.
Ethical Living: The verse guides individuals to live
ethically and responsibly. By recognizing the divine ownership of all things,
it encourages people to act with a sense of responsibility, fairness, and
respect for the rights of others.
Spiritual Wisdom: The verse encapsulates profound spiritual
wisdom, emphasizing the transitory nature of material possessions and the
importance of focusing on spiritual values and inner fulfillment.
Karma Yoga: The concept of "tyaktena bhuñjīthā"
(enjoy through renunciation) suggests the practice of Karma Yoga, which is the
path of selfless action. It encourages individuals to perform their duties
without attachment to the results, offering the fruits of their actions to the
divine.
In summary, the first verse of the Isha Upanishad sets the
tone for the entire text and imparts timeless philosophical and ethical
teachings that remain relevant for individuals seeking spiritual wisdom and a
balanced way of life.