In Jainism, the concept of Adharmastikaya is a fundamental
aspect of their metaphysical understanding of the universe. Adharmastikaya is
one of the seven fundamental substances known as "Astikayas" which
constitute the Jain cosmological framework.
Adharmastikaya, the medium of rest, is distinct from the
other six substances and is considered the last among them. It is described as
a singular, immaterial entity that pervades the entire cosmos. Unlike physical
substances, Adharmastikaya is not composed of matter but exists as a
metaphysical presence facilitating the state of rest for both sentient beings
(selves) and non-sentient entities (matter).
The term "Adharma" here doesn't imply moral
wrongness as it might in other contexts, but rather signifies a state of
non-motion or rest. Adharmastikaya serves as the auxiliary cause of this rest,
providing the necessary condition for bodies to remain in a state of stillness.
It's important to note the distinction between
Adharmastikaya and Dharmastikaya, another of the seven substances. While
Dharmastikaya is associated with motion or activity, Adharmastikaya pertains to
rest. Both are essential aspects of the universe, with innumerable points or
instances of each existing throughout the cosmos.
According to Jain philosophy, neither Dharma (motion) nor
Adharma (rest) can directly influence or control each other. Dharma cannot
initiate motion, nor can Adharma impede it. However, Adharma does favor the
condition of rest, allowing for the stability and equilibrium necessary for the
existence of various entities within the cosmos.
In summary, Adharmastikaya in Jainism represents the
metaphysical substrate of rest, providing the foundational condition for bodies
to maintain a state of stillness. It underscores the intricate balance between
motion and rest within the Jain cosmological worldview.