The Unquenchable Thirst for the Divine and Its Expression Through Symbols: Ancient Hindu Teaching – Modern Day Relevance
Human beings have always harbored a deep, intrinsic desire to know the Unknown, to connect with something larger than themselves. The longing to understand the mysteries of life, the universe, and the ultimate destiny beyond mortality is a universal trait. In Hindu philosophy, this quest is understood as the soul's thirst for the knowledge of the Supreme, the Divine, or the Absolute, referred to as Brahman, the Wielder of destiny, the Highest Principle. The abstract nature of Brahman, which is beyond form, mind, and human comprehension, has led people throughout history to seek more concrete, accessible means of understanding and worship.
The Necessity of Symbols and Images in Worship
While God is formless and nameless, Hinduism acknowledges that the majority of people cannot easily grasp such abstraction. Hence, it allows for the creation of symbols and images (known as murti or pratima) as mediums to focus devotion and worship. The abstract becomes accessible through concrete representations—whether a deity, symbol, or an image. The Bhagavad Gita (Chapter 12, Verse 5) says:
"The difficulties are greater for those whose minds are set on the Unmanifest, for the goal of the Unmanifest is hard to reach for the embodied."
This verse highlights the challenge of worshiping the unmanifest Brahman, supporting the human need for manifest representations. Through idols, images, and symbolic representations, people can visualize and emotionally connect with the Divine.
Symbolism in Hinduism
Every deity in Hinduism carries profound symbolism. For example, Lord Ganesha, the elephant-headed god, symbolizes wisdom, intellect, and the removal of obstacles. His large ears represent the ability to listen, and his small eyes denote focus and concentration. The Trishula (trident) of Lord Shiva represents the three fundamental forces of creation, preservation, and destruction. Similarly, the lotus flower, often associated with many deities like Goddess Lakshmi, symbolizes purity, beauty, and transcendence, as it rises unsullied from muddy waters.
In this way, symbols and images in Hinduism offer profound layers of meaning. They act as tools for deeper contemplation and meditation, helping to awaken spiritual consciousness in individuals.
Practicality of Worship Through Symbols
Modern-day relevance of such symbolism is seen in the simplicity and accessibility it brings to spiritual practice. For many, daily worship (puja) involves lighting a lamp before an image of a deity, which can serve as a reminder of divine qualities they wish to cultivate—such as patience, wisdom, or compassion. This simple act can also bring a sense of peace and connection to the larger universe in an otherwise busy, fragmented day.
For instance, placing a small image of Goddess Saraswati at one’s study table invokes the blessing of knowledge and learning. Or, keeping an image of Lord Krishna reminds devotees of surrender and joy in their duties, as Krishna emphasizes in the Bhagavad Gita, "Do your duty without attachment to the result." (Karma Yoga).
Example Story: The Story of Vishnu’s Image in a Stone
A simple story from Hinduism that illustrates the need for symbols comes from the Vishnu Purana. There was once a devotee who worshipped a simple stone, imagining it to be a manifestation of Lord Vishnu. With deep faith and devotion, he performed rituals and prayed every day. Lord Vishnu, pleased by his devotion, appeared before him in his divine form, making it clear that what matters is not the form itself, but the devotion and intent behind it.
This story reflects how a symbolic representation—whether a stone, idol, or an abstract form—becomes a vessel for divine grace when filled with pure devotion.
Symbolism in Other Traditions
Similar to Hinduism, many religious traditions utilize symbols to make the divine more tangible. In Christianity, for example, the cross is a symbol of Christ's sacrifice and the promise of eternal life. In Buddhism, statues of the Buddha serve as focal points for meditation, symbolizing inner peace, enlightenment, and the potential for transformation in every individual. This use of symbols bridges the gap between abstract theology and everyday experience, helping individuals to relate to the divine in a practical, accessible way.
Modern-Day Relevance and the Role of Symbols in Day-to-Day Life
In our modern, secular world, where people face constant distractions and stresses, symbolic worship serves as a reminder of the deeper, spiritual truths that underlie existence. Symbols and images act as anchors, grounding individuals in the sacred amidst their busy lives. Whether it's pausing before an idol in the morning or meditating on a sacred mantra or symbol like "Om," these practices infuse daily life with a sense of connection to the transcendent.
Today, the use of symbols and images can also foster a deeper understanding of inclusivity in a diverse world. Each image or symbol is a unique expression of the same divine reality, and by respecting different forms of divine worship, people can cultivate tolerance and understanding.
Additional Thoughts and Quotes from Hindu Scriptures
The Chandogya Upanishad beautifully emphasizes that all names and forms are pathways to the One Truth:
"In the beginning, there was only One, without a second. From that One arose all creation, taking on various names and forms."
This passage teaches that behind the manifold images and symbols is the single reality of Brahman, the formless and unchanging Absolute. However, people are drawn to different forms depending on their inclinations, personalities, and spiritual needs.
The Bhagavad Gita (9:22) assures devotees:
"To those who are constantly devoted and who worship Me with love, I give the understanding by which they can come to Me."
Thus, images and symbols can serve as tools for individuals to focus their love and devotion, helping them progress along their spiritual journey.
The ancient Hindu teaching on the importance of symbols and images in worship holds great relevance in the modern era. These symbols are not mere crutches for the weak-minded; rather, they serve as profound gateways for understanding and experiencing the divine in a form that can be grasped by the human mind. Whether in a traditional temple setting or in the privacy of one's home, they bring the sacred into everyday life, offering guidance, inspiration, and comfort.