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Lekhana Sundari Sculpture – Proof Of Women Education In Ancient India


Lekhana Sundari sculpture belonging to the 10th century AD is a classic proof of women education in ancient India. The tradition of women education in Sanatana Dharma goes back to the Vedic age. Lekhana Sundari sculpture is part of the Ishwara temple at Jalasangvi or Jalasangi, in Bidar District in Karnataka. It is an important place of Kalyan Chalukya art and architecture.

The Jalasangvi Ishwara temple (1110 AD) was built during the reign of Vikramaditya VI (1076 - 1226 AD).



Lekhana Sundari sculpture is depicted as writing on a slate-like. It has been composed in a vertical space of the wall.

Lekhana Sundari holds a slate-like rectangular object, which represents the Burjwa Patra, a leaf used for writing. It is beautifully rendered and there is a stick-like hand grip. She holds it in her left hand tilts her face up and writes on it with a pen. The artist has carved the sculpture with such grace and details. The standing posture, bodily flexion and stance of the sculpture are the work of a master craftsman. The Apsara’s standing posture, especially the twist above her belly, is remarkable.

She has written a few lines in old Kannada script — it is a eulogy to King Vikramaditya VI, who also had the epithet Vishnuvardhana. The script reads “Saptadveepodaree Bhutam Bhutalam Swakarishayati Chalukya Vikramaditya Saptamo Vishnuvardhanah” (Vikramaditya of the Chalukya dynasty captures and rules the land between the seven oceans).


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