Kirtan is the second stage in Navadha Bhakti, the
traditionally prescribed nine forms of devotion in the Srimad Bhagavad Purana
(VII 5.23). It is also known as Nama Gana.
Kirtan is an act of singing, chanting, dancing, or speaking
in praise of God, incarnations, or holy persons, often accompanied by musical
instruments such as the harmonium, flute, conch shell, stringed, or percussion
instruments. This form of devotion is not just a solitary activity but often
involves a communal aspect where groups of devotees gather to engage in
collective worship.
The essence of Kirtan lies in its ability to create a
spiritually charged atmosphere, where the repetitive chanting of divine names
and praises fosters a sense of unity and divine connection among participants.
The rhythmic patterns and melodic tunes of the Kirtan transcend the ordinary
experience, aiming to elevate the minds and hearts of the devotees towards a
higher spiritual plane.
Historically, Kirtan has played a significant role in
various Bhakti movements across India. It is especially prominent in the
traditions of Vaishnavism, where it is seen as a powerful means of expressing
love and devotion to Lord Krishna and other deities. The practice of Kirtan has
also been adapted in various cultural and regional contexts, each bringing its
own unique flavor to the tradition while maintaining the core principles of
devotion and praise.
In many instances, Kirtan sessions can continue for hours, sometimes even through the night, creating a profound sense of immersion in the divine presence. The participatory nature of Kirtan, where everyone joins in the singing and dancing, helps to dissolve the ego and foster a sense of collective worship and spiritual camaraderie.