The influence of the Bhagavad Gita on the Indian
Constitution, while not direct, can be traced through the broader cultural,
philosophical, and ethical principles that shape Indian society and governance.
The Bhagavad Gita, a sacred Hindu scripture, is revered for its teachings on
duty, righteousness, and moral values, which have permeated various aspects of
Indian culture and thought.
Though the Indian Constitution is a secular document that
upholds the principles of democracy, equality, and secularism, it reflects
India's diverse cultural heritage, including elements from Hindu philosophy.
Some scholars argue that the values espoused in the Bhagavad Gita, such as
justice, truth, and duty, are echoed in the preamble and fundamental rights of
the Constitution.
For instance, the preamble of the Indian Constitution, which
declares India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic republic,
embodies the ideals of justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity. These
principles resonate with the ethical teachings of the Bhagavad Gita, albeit in
a secular context. Similarly, the fundamental rights enshrined in the
Constitution, such as the right to equality, freedom of religion, and right to
life and personal liberty, align with the Gita's emphasis on moral responsibility
and individual rights.
Furthermore, the concept of dharma (duty or righteousness)
as elucidated in the Bhagavad Gita finds reflection in the constitutional
directive principles, which enjoin the state to promote social justice and
uphold the welfare of its citizens.
While the Constitution draws inspiration from various
sources, including Western liberal thought and India's own historical
experiences, the cultural ethos shaped by texts like the Bhagavad Gita
undoubtedly contribute to the broader moral and ethical framework that
underpins India's constitutional democracy. However, it's essential to
recognize that the Constitution's secular character ensures that no religious
text or doctrine, including the Bhagavad Gita, holds any legal authority over
the state or its institutions.