Sage Angiras is a significant figure in Hindu religious literature and mythology. He is frequently mentioned in the Vedic hymns, many of which are attributed to him. Angiras is closely associated with the fire cult and is regarded as the first sacrificer and the initiator of sacred rituals. His contributions to the religious and spiritual traditions of Hinduism are profound and multifaceted.
Mythological Origins and Associations
In mythological accounts, Angiras is depicted in various ways. He is sometimes described as a manasaputra (mind-born son) of Brahma, the Creator. This origin signifies his divine nature and direct connection to the creative power of the universe. Alternatively, some texts describe him as having sprung from the sacrificial fire of Varuna, the god of water, which further highlights his deep association with fire and rituals.
Family and Progeny
Angiras had several wives, including Vasudha, Shraddha, Svadha, and Sati. His progeny were also notable figures in Hindu mythology and religious practices:
- Brihaspati, one of his sons, became the guru (teacher) of the gods and is a prominent deity associated with wisdom and learning.
- The Pitr-devatas (manes or ancestral spirits) are described as his offspring, indicating his role in the veneration of ancestors.
- His daughters, Raka, Sinivali, and Kuhu, are identified with different phases of the moon, emphasizing his connection to celestial and luminous bodies.
Spiritual and Astronomical Contributions
Angiras was revered for his virtues and was a teacher of Brahmavidya, the knowledge of Brahman, the Absolute. His teachings and associations with light and fire link him to enlightenment and spiritual knowledge. He is also identified with the planet Jupiter and a star in the constellation Ursa Major, underscoring his significance in both spiritual and astronomical contexts.
Role Among the Saptarishis and Gotra System
Angiras is listed among the Saptarishis (the seven great sages) of the first Manvantara (age of Manu), marking him as one of the ancient and revered sages. He is one of the originators of the gotra system, which is a key aspect of Hindu social and familial structure. The Angirases, his descendants, are considered kshatriyas by birth and brahmanas by profession, indicating their dual roles in society. They were known for their expertise in sacerdotal law, magic, and traditional rites.
Literary Contributions
Angiras is credited with the authorship of important treatises:
- Angirasa Smriti, a work on law, which outlines various legal and ethical codes.
- A treatise on astronomy, showcasing his knowledge and contribution to the understanding of celestial phenomena.
In summary, Sage Angiras is a multifaceted figure in Hindu tradition, embodying the roles of a priest, teacher, astronomer, and legal expert. His legacy continues to influence various aspects of Hindu religious and cultural practices.