In Hindu philosophy, particularly in Advaita Vedanta, the notion that "division is a creation of the mind; in reality, there is no division" is a profound teaching that touches on the nature of reality and consciousness. This teaching reflects the core principle of non-duality (Advaita), which posits that the ultimate reality is undivided and indivisible. Here’s an expanded explanation of this concept:
Unity and Oneness in Hindu Philosophy
Brahman as the Ultimate Reality:
- Brahman is considered the ultimate, unchanging reality, amidst and beyond the world of change and diversity. It is described as infinite, eternal, and the essence of all existence.
- According to Advaita Vedanta, everything in the universe is a manifestation of Brahman. The apparent multiplicity of forms and phenomena is essentially illusory (Maya).
Maya – The Illusion of Division:
- Maya is the cosmic illusion that presents the One as many. It is through Maya that the undivided Brahman appears as the diverse world of names and forms.
- This illusion leads to the perception of duality – where we see separate entities, including the division between the self and the other, subject and object.
Avidya – Ignorance and Misidentification:
- Avidya (ignorance) is the fundamental ignorance of our true nature. It causes us to identify with our limited self (ego) and perceive the world as divided.
- When one is under the influence of Avidya, the mind creates distinctions and separations, which are essentially unreal from the standpoint of Brahman.
Realization of Non-Duality
Jnana – The Path of Knowledge:
- The path to realizing the non-dual nature of reality is through Jnana (knowledge) and self-inquiry. This involves discerning the real from the unreal and recognizing the oneness of existence.
- Teachings from scriptures like the Upanishads, and guidance from a guru, help the seeker understand that the individual self (Atman) is not different from Brahman.
Tat Tvam Asi – Thou Art That:
- One of the Mahavakyas (great sayings) from the Upanishads, Tat Tvam Asi (Thou Art That), encapsulates this teaching. It means that the individual self is ultimately not different from the universal self.
- Realizing this truth dissolves the illusion of division and the perception of multiplicity, leading to the experience of unity and oneness.
Practical Implications of Non-Duality
Perception and Experience:
- When one realizes the non-dual nature of reality, their perception changes. They see the same essence in all beings and things, leading to a sense of universal love and compassion.
- This realization also brings inner peace and equanimity, as the distinctions that cause fear, desire, and suffering are seen as illusory.
Living with Awareness:
- Living with the awareness of non-duality means acting with the understanding that all actions, and their results, are within the realm of Maya, while one's true self remains untouched and pure.
- Such a person performs their duties and engages with the world, but without attachment, recognizing the underlying unity in all.
Conclusion
The teaching that "division is a creation of the mind; in reality, there is no division" encourages a profound shift in understanding and perception. It invites individuals to look beyond the superficial differences and recognize the unity underlying all existence. This realization is not just an intellectual exercise but a transformative experience that changes how one relates to oneself and the world. It is a cornerstone of Hindu spirituality, aiming to liberate individuals from the illusion of separation and help them experience the ultimate truth of oneness.