The opening word of the Bhagavad Gita, "Dharma," carries profound symbolic importance. The term "Dharma" derives from the Sanskrit root "dhru," which means "to hold" or "to sustain." This etymological root underscores the essential nature of Dharma as the force that sustains and supports life.
Dharma is more than mere adherence to religious rituals and
ceremonies; it is the intrinsic power that upholds and maintains the fabric of
existence. It is the principle that governs the moral and ethical framework
within which individuals and societies operate, ensuring harmony and balance.
In the context of the Bhagavad Gita, Dharma represents a
fundamental concept that contrasts sharply with the values often emphasized in
Western civilization, such as power, beauty, and victory. While these values
have their own significance, the Hindu tradition places paramount importance on
Dharma as the guiding force of life.
Dharma, in its essence, is jivan shakti—the vital force or
the energy of life. It is what gives life its meaning and purpose, directing
individuals towards righteous living and the pursuit of truth. By focusing on
Dharma, Hindu philosophy advocates for a life lived in accordance with
universal laws and principles that transcend personal desires and societal
constructs.
In summary, the symbolic importance of the opening word
"Dharma" in the Bhagavad Gita highlights the core principle that life
is upheld by a fundamental force of righteousness and ethical duty. This
principle is central to Hindu thought and differentiates it from other cultural
values that prioritize material success and superficial attributes. Dharma, as
the power that holds life, is the cornerstone of a balanced and meaningful
existence.