The Mahabharata’s Original Competitive Mom - Vinata If you thought competitive moms were a modern-day phenomenon, wait a minute. Turn the pages of the Mahabharata—specifically the Astika Parva of the Adi Parva—and you will meet Vinata, a mother who could give today’s most competitive parents a run for their money. And she lived thousands of years before WhatsApp parent groups, school rankings, Olympiad scores, and the eternal question: “How many marks did the other child get?” Two Wives, Two Wishes The story begins when Sage Kashyapa offers a boon to each of his wives, Kadru and Vinata. Kadru asks for a thousand naga sons. Vinata, however, has a very different ambition. She asks for two sons—but sons who would surpass Kadru’s children in strength, form, energy, and valour . Two sons were enough for her. But ordinary two sons? Certainly not! She did not want quantity; she wanted superiority. Most one child parents might have had their inspiration from her. There is somethi...

According to the architectural principles described in the Silpa section of the Tantra Samuccayam , there are two-storeyed and three-storeyed temple sanctums (Sreekovils) in which the main deity ( bimba ) is installed on the upper storey , particularly the second level. A notable example is the Matattilappan Temple at Peruvanam (Mahadeva Temple) , whose sanctum follows this architectural tradition. In this structure: The first two levels are square in plan . The uppermost level is octagonal (Astasra form) . This design embodies the concept of bestowing the eight divine prosperities (Astaisvarya) , symbolizing completeness, abundance, and spiritual attainment. Access to the Sanctum In temples of this type, access to the sanctum chambers on the upper levels is usually provided in one of two ways: By climbing stairways from the ground level to the upper storeys. Through an internal passage ( antarala or intermediate corridor) within the temple, from which ladders or stairways l...

The Pashupata Sutras: Ancient Wisdom for Liberation Through Shiva's Grace The Pashupata Sutras stand as one of the most revered foundational texts in the rich tradition of Shaivite philosophy, representing the earliest systematized form of Shiva worship in Hindu spiritual literature. Composed in the 2nd century CE, these sacred verses form the cornerstone of Pashupata Shaivism, one of the oldest and most influential schools dedicated to Lord Shiva as the supreme deity. The text gains additional depth through the scholarly commentary (bhashya) of Acharya Kaundinya, written between the 4th and 6th centuries CE, which illuminates the profound philosophical principles embedded within these ancient aphorisms. The Five Sacred Principles: Understanding Pashupata Sutras The Pashupata Sutras are also known as Pancarthasutras, deriving their name from the comprehensive treatment of five fundamental spiritual principles. These five aspects form the complete framework for understanding exi...

Kalyanasundaramurti – The Celestial Wedding of Shiva and Parvati in Stone and Scripture The Sacred Form and Its Significance Among the many magnificent forms of Shiva celebrated in Shaiva tradition, Kalyanasundara Murti occupies a place of singular devotional and theological importance. The name itself reveals the essence of the form — Kalyana meaning auspicious or wedding, Sundara meaning beautiful, and Murti meaning the divine embodiment. This is Shiva in his most tender and humanly relatable aspect, not as the ascetic of the cremation ground or the cosmic destroyer, but as the bridegroom, radiant and resplendent, receiving into his life the goddess Parvati as his eternal consort. This form is widely celebrated across South India, with some of the finest sculptural expressions found in the great temples of Tamil Nadu, including those at Madurai, Chidambaram, Kanchipuram, Thanjavur, and Kumbakonam. The tradition of sculpting and worshipping Kalyanasundaramurti is deeply embedded i...

The Spiritual Journey from Pashu to Pashupati: Understanding the Soul's Bondage in Hindu Philosophy The term "pashu" in Hindu philosophy carries profound spiritual significance that extends far beyond its literal translation as "animal." Within the sacred texts and philosophical traditions of Hinduism, pashu represents the bound soul—the individual consciousness (jeeva) that remains entangled in the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (samsara) due to ignorance, attachments, and karmic bondage. The Threefold Classification of Existence Hindu scriptures, particularly those dealing with Shaiva philosophy, present a fundamental classification of existence into three categories: Pati (the Lord), Pashu (the bound soul), and Pasha (the bonds that tie the soul). This trinity forms the cornerstone of understanding spiritual liberation in Hindu thought. The Shiva Purana elaborates on this concept, explaining that every individual soul begins its journey in a state of ...

Pattisa (Pattisha): The Sacred Pole-Axe of the Divine Hindu Guardians Among the many sacred weapons, or ayudhas, that populate the iconographic universe of Hindu sacred tradition, the pattisa occupies a singular and often overlooked place. Neither as celebrated as the trishula nor as universally recognised as the chakra, the pattisa is nonetheless a weapon of profound significance — one whose physical form, ritual presence, and symbolic depth speak directly to the protective and martial dimensions of divine power as understood through generations of sculptural, textual, and living religious tradition. Form and Description: The Anatomy of a Divine Weapon The pattisa, also rendered as pattisha in Sanskrit-derived terminologies, belongs to the broad family of pole weapons. Classified as a bladed striking and piercing secondary ayudha, it is a weapon distinct in form from both the short-handled parashu, or battle-axe, and the long, narrow-bladed spear. The pattisa is characterised by a lon...

Shakini Devi: Goddess of Muladhara - Keeper of the Root Throne and the Living Wisdom of the Earth In the profound cosmology of the Sapta Chakras, the subtle body is understood not as mere anatomy but as a living spiritual landscape. Aligned along the spinal axis, each of the seven chakras is a peetha, a sacred seat or throne, where a specific Shakti or Yogini dwells in a distinct elemental form, radiating her nature as energy, consciousness, and cosmic principle. These chakreshwaris, the presiding goddesses of each chakra, are not symbolic abstractions but living presences described in tantric scripture with precise iconographic detail. They govern the transformation of gross energy into refined spiritual awareness. At the base of this ascent, at the very foundation of existence, sits Shakini Devi, the presiding goddess of Muladhara. Muladhara: The Root Seat Muladhara, meaning the root support, is located at the base of the spine at the perineum. It is associated with the Prithvi tat...

When Sage Agastya Asked for Others To Hayagriva: The Story Behind Lalita Sahasranama Among the countless sages who have walked the sacred soil of Bharatavarsha, Agastya stands in a class apart. Revered as one of the Saptarishis, the seven great seers whose wisdom anchors cosmic order, Agastya was not merely a scholar of scriptures but a living embodiment of their spirit. His life was one of relentless movement — traversing pilgrimage sites, performing tapas, and absorbing the spiritual essence of every sacred landscape he encountered. It was during one such journey through holy tirthas that Agastya received the darshana of Hayagriva, the horse-headed form of Bhagavan Vishnu, radiant with divine knowledge and grace. Hayagriva is no ordinary form. He is the very deity of wisdom itself, the one who recovered the Vedas from the demons Madhu and Kaitabha and restored them to Brahma. His very existence is a symbol of sacred knowledge rescued from the depths of ignorance. That Agastya met t...

The Unattached Householder: Finding Liberation in the World of Duties Breaking the Myth of Renunciation In the vast landscape of Hindu spiritual thought, a profound misconception persists that true liberation (moksha) can only be achieved through complete renunciation of worldly life. This belief suggests that marriage, family responsibilities, and material pursuits inevitably bind the soul in the chains of samsara, creating insurmountable obstacles to spiritual realization. However, the timeless wisdom of Hindu scriptures presents a radically different perspective: a householder whose mind remains unattached can achieve the highest spiritual goal while fulfilling worldly duties. This teaching challenges the notion that external circumstances determine spiritual progress, emphasizing instead the primacy of inner detachment and mental discipline. The Bhagavad Gita eloquently supports this view when Krishna declares, "yogah karmasu kaushalam" - yoga is skill in action (Bhag...

Tithi in Panchang – Hindu Calendar on Monday, September 28 2026 – It is Krishna Paksha Dwitiya tithi or the second day during the waning or dark phase of moon in Hindu calendar and Panchang in most regions. It is Krishna Paksha Dwitiya tithi or the second day during the waning or dark phase of moon till 8 :21 PM on September 28. Then onward it is Krishna Paksha Tritiya tithi or the third day during the waning or dark phase of moon till 6 :38 PM on September 29. (Time applicable in all north, south and eastern parts of India. All time based on India Standard Time.)  Good – Auspicious time on September 28, 2026 as per Hindu Calendar – Good and auspicious time on the entire day.  Nakshatra  – Revathi nakshatra till 11:59 AM on September 28. Then onward it is Ashwini or Aswathy nakshatra till 11:16 AM on September 29. (Time applicable in north, south and eastern parts of India).  In western parts of India (Maharashtra, Gujarat, Goa, north Karnataka and south ...