Lakulisha, the revered figure in Shaivism, holds a significant place as the preceptor or possibly even the founder of the Pashupata sect. His teachings, deeply rooted in Shaivite beliefs, include the practice of Yoga as an integral part of daily life. The name "Lakulisha" itself reflects his identity, deriving from the merging of "Lakula," signifying a staff or mace, and "Isha," denoting lordship or divinity.
Throughout history, Lakulisha has been depicted in various
forms, with idols and carvings found predominantly in temples across regions
like Odisha and Gujarat. As a wandering monk, Lakulisha is credited with
rejuvenating different Shaivite sects, consolidating them under the umbrella of
Pasupata, and preserving ancient occult knowledge. In Shaivite belief,
Lakulisha is considered the 28th manifestation of the god Shiva.
The ancient sculptures of Lakulisha often portray him with
an upward-standing phallus, symbolizing asceticism rather than mere eroticism.
This representation signifies control over the senses and the renunciation of
carnal desires, emphasizing the path of Brahmacharya, where sexual energy is
redirected towards spiritual growth and enlightenment.
Interestingly, there are narratives linking Lakulisha with
Vishnu, as depicted in texts like the Vayu Purana and Linga Purana. According
to these stories, Shiva and Vishnu made an agreement that Shiva would manifest
on earth during the age of Vishnu's incarnation as Vasudeva or Krishna. In
fulfillment of this pact, Shiva is believed to have incarnated as Lakulisha,
while Vishnu took the form of Vasudeva.
These tales highlight the intricate interplay between
different deities in Hindu tradition and underscore the unity underlying
diverse religious traditions, as exemplified by the shared commitment to
spiritual enlightenment and divine harmony embodied by figures like Lakulisha.