The Joshmani religious sect in Hinduism represents a unique spiritual tradition that emphasizes the worship of God in his Nirguna aspect, which means without attributes. This philosophical stance is in contrast to other Hindu sects that often focus on the worship of deities with specific attributes and forms. The Joshmanis historically held opposition to certain Brahmanic rituals, preferring a more direct and abstract approach to spirituality.
Originating in the 19th century CE, the Joshmani sect gained
prominence in various regions including Nepal, Bhutan, Sikkim, and Darjeeling
in West Bengal. Despite changes over time, the sect still maintains a presence
in these areas today.
The Joshmani tradition is characterized by the teachings and
compositions of its saints, who expressed their devotion and insights through
bhajans, or devotional poems. These saints, numbering nineteen in total, played
significant roles in shaping the beliefs and practices of the sect. They
composed their bhajans primarily in the Sadhukkadi language, which was the
language used by the saints for conveying spiritual teachings and experiences.
Among these saints, Jnandil Dasa stands out for his notable
contribution. He authored the Udaya-lahari, a significant work in Nepali
language that further enriched the spiritual literature of the Joshmani
tradition.
Overall, the Joshmani sect represents a distinct strand of
Hindu spirituality, emphasizing the formless aspect of the divine and promoting
a devotional approach centered on direct connection with the transcendent
reality beyond attributes.